Today we hear renewed calls for a dialogue between science and religion: why has the old question of the relation between science and religion now returned to the pubic domain and what is at stake in this debate?
To answer these questions, historian and sociologist of science Yves Gingras retraces the long history of the troubled relation between science and religion, from the condemnation of Galileo for heresy in 1633 until his rehabilitation by John Paul II in 1992. He reconstructs the process of the gradual separation of science from theology and religion, showing how God and natural theology became marginalized in the scientific field in the 18th and 19th centuries as the naturalist mode of thinking spread from astronomy and physics to geology, natural history, the origins of the species and the history of societies and religions. Finally, Gingras identifies the forces that have contributed to the recent resurgence of the question of science and religion by analyzing the active role of the Templeton Foundation in promoting the idea of dialogue between science, religion and spirituality. In contrast to the dominant trend among historians of science, Gingras argues that science and religion are social institutions that give rise to incompatible ways of knowing, rooted in different methodologies and forms of knowledge, and that there never was and cannot be a genuine dialogue between them.
Wide-ranging and authoritative, this new book on one of the fundamental questions of Western thought will be of great interest to students and scholars of the history of science and of religion as well as to general readers who are intrigued by the new and much-publicized conversations about the alleged links between science and religion.
Introduction
1 The Theological Limits of the Autonomy of Science
2 Copernicus and Galileo: Thorns in the Sides of Popes
3 God: From the Center to the Periphery of Science
4 Science Censored
5 From Conflict to Dialogue?
6 What Is a "Dialogue" Between Science and Religion?
7 Belief Versus Science
Conclusion: Betting on Reason
Notes
Index
Yves Gingras is Canada Research Chair in History and Sociology of Science at the University of Quebec at Montreal.
"In this forceful and fascinating polemic, a leading historian and sociologist of the sciences takes up arms against recent calls for dialogue between science and religion. In a survey of past centuries of conflict, censorship and apologetics, and a telling analysis of modern initiatives to establish new kinds of relation between science and religion, Gingras argues that the sciences have achieved autonomous status by building social organisations not to be reconciled with the claims of faith. This book represents an important and provocative intervention in a debate of great contemporary significance."
– Simon Schaffer, University of Cambridge
"Yves Gingras' gripping account of four centuries of conflict between religion and science provides a wonderful antidote to the insistent calls for 'dialogue.'"
– Alan Sokal, Professor of Physics, New York Univeristy