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Only now is Alfred Russel Wallace beginning to get his long overdue recognition. In his own time he was acknowledged as joint author, with Darwin, of the theory of evolution by natural selection. Since then, the bright light shone on Darwin's achievements has cast Wallace into shadow. Alfred Russel Wallace: Explorer, Evolutionist, Public Intellectual shows how Wallace's independent discovery of natural selection was no mere flash of inspiration, but the outcome of many years of study and reflection on his extraordinary early life as a field naturalist in South America and the rain forests of the 'Malay Archipelago'. Surviving fever and insect bites on the Amazon, he was shipwrecked with the loss of most of his notes and collections on his return journey. Astonishingly, within two years he was preparing for his second major expedition, this time to South East Asia, and for a stay of eight challenging years. It was here that he made his great scientific breakthrough, and provoked Darwin into prompt publication of his origin.
Wallace used his experience in the tropics as the basis for his next major achievement – a classic work that established biogeography as a scientific specialism of great importance for today's urgent challenge to protect the world's biodiversity. As if this were not enough, Wallace became a bold and controversial public figure, campaigning on such issues as compulsory vaccination, parliamentary reform, and the rights of workers and colonised peoples. he was for many years president of the Land Nationalisation Society, and an ardent critic of the injustices of 19th century capitalism. Later in his life he engaged with radical thinkers such as William Morris, Edward Bellamy, Henry George, Robert Blatchford and Ebeneza Howard in envisaging just and sustainable alternative social and economic futures.
Alfred Russel Wallace: Explorer, Evolutionist, Public Intellectual gives a succinct account of Wallace's life, before going on to analyse in more detail the development of his ideas on natural selection, his disputes with Darwin on sexual selection and human evolution, and the development of his political ideas. In each topic, Benton brings the story up to date, and assesses Wallace's ideas in the light of today's thinking.
Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Life: Part 1, Childhood, Surveying, Tropical Journeys and the Species Question
Chapter 3: Life: Part 2, Science, Spiritualism, Land and Socialism
Chapter 4: Field Naturalist to Scientific Revolutionary: Natural Selection and the Geography of Life
Chapter 5: Sexual Selection: Female Choice and the Evolution of Beauty
Chapter 6: Above or Part of Nature? Wallace Versus Darwin on Human Evolution
Chapter 7: Politics 1: Owenism, Moral ‘Savages’ and Epping Forest
Chapter 8: Politics 2: Land Nationalisation and Socialism
Chapter 9: Instead of a Conclusion: Some Reflections on Wallace’s Legacy
References
Ted Benton is author of two award-winning monographs in the prestigious New Naturalist series – one on bumblebees, and the other on grasshopper and crickets. He is professor of sociology at the University of Essex, and has authored or edited numerous publications on environmental social science, social philosophy and history of ideas. His major project as an academic has been to investigate the inter-connections between the life-sciences and the social sciences. Since childhood he has been a passionate field naturalist, and for many years a student and admirer of Alfred Russel Wallace.
