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In 1985 Boria Sax inherited an area of forest in New York State that had been purchased by his Russian, Jewish Communist grandparents as a buffer against what they felt was a hostile world. For Sax, in the years following, the woodland came to represent a link with those who lived and had lived there, including Native Americans, settlers, bears, deer, turtles and migrating birds.
In this personal and eloquent account, Sax explores the meanings and cultural history of forests from prehistory to the present, taking in Gilgamesh, Virgil, Dante, the Gawain poet, medieval alchemists, the Brothers Grimm, the Hudson River painters, Latin American folklore, contemporary African novelists and much more. Combining lyricism with contemporary scholarship, Sax opens new emotional, intellectual and environmental perspectives on the storied history of the forest.
Introduction: Forests and Memory
1. Wood and Leaves
2. The World Tree
3. Mythic Beings
4. Conquest of the Woods
5. The Royal Hunt
6. The Forest and Death
7. Lord of the Forest
8. Lady of the Forest
9. The Classical, Rococo and Gothic Woods
10. The Primeval Forest
11. The Forest of Dreams
12. The Law of the Jungle
13. The Man with the Big Axe
14. The Politics of Trees
15. The River in the Forest
Epilogue
Timeline of Forests in Culture
References
Further Reading
Acknowledgements
Photo Acknowledgements
Index
Boria Sax teaches at Sing Sing prison and online in the graduate literature programme at Mercy College. He has published many books, which have won awards and been translated into numerous languages. His most recent is Avian Illuminations: A Cultural History of Birds (Reaktion, 2021).
"[A] fascinating meander through the rich woodlands of literature and visual art. Sax shows that forest tales reveal how we imagine time [...] [and] highlights the contradictory nature of mythic forests: places of both Edenic innocence and terrifying chaos."
– Scientific American
"Sax's Enchanted Forests spurs the imagination [...] This engaging, scholarly volume summarizes how, throughout history, human beings have conceptualized and portrayed forests in written and visual art [...] This rich and accessible book considers an astonishing array of ideas [...] Enchanted Forests is a brilliant introduction to the art and literature of the forest, examining how people conceive of the wilderness beyond the edges of civilization."
– Foreword Reviews
"We generally take forests for granted, but Boris Sax, in this elegant history, reveals their glory and importance. When we look at our devastation of forests throughout the world, and how ignorant we are about the value of trees, it is a crime that we don't know more about their existence. Sax's graceful analysis guides us through all kinds of enchanted forests throughout history that need more respect than they have received."
– Jack Zipes, Professor Emeritus, University of Minnesota
"Put on your hiking boots and prepare for an adrenaline-fueled journey around the world with Boria Sax as your expert guide. Make stops with Gilgamesh at the Cedar Forest of Lebanon, with Dante as he enters a dark forest, and with Joseph Conrad's Marlow as he navigates his way down a river to the Congo. Behold Yggdrasil of Nordic mythologies, the Cosmic Tree that grows in Siberia, or the Waq Waq tree in medieval Arab belief systems. Beauty and wisdom flash out at us on every page of this captivating volume."
– Maria Tatar, author of The Heroine with 1001 Faces
"Enchanted Forests is a book that will take the reader through the deep, dark woods and yet enlighten, entertain and enthral. Boria Sax has brought together knowledge from many fields and the ease with which he moves between them shows his intense engagement with the subject. It is a must-read for all those who love forests."
– Sadhana Naithani, Jawaharlal Nehru University
"This is an immensely rich cultural history of woodlands and covers a huge range of subjects, which makes it constantly fascinating and stimulating. Whether writing about folklore, cathedrals, contemporary environmental threats, art history or ever-changing, but often recurring, human attitudes to wilderness, Sax is both enlightening and a provoker of serious reflection [...] Enchanted Forests is full of insights and for me has produced many 'wow' moments [...] I will be treasuring this book and reading it again. The past and future of forests being such a vital part of our cultural and actual landscape, this has felt like an urgent read."
– The Pilgrim