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More than seventy percent of the earth's surface is covered by ocean – the home to a staggering and sometimes overwhelming diversity of organisms, a majority of which reside in pelagic form. Marine invertebrate larvae are an integral part of this pelagic diversity and have stimulated the curiosity of researchers for centuries. Evolutionary Ecology of Marine Invertebrate Larvae provides an important, modern update on the topic of larval ecology, representing the first major synthesis of this interdisciplinary field for more than 20 years. The content is structured around four major areas: evolutionary origins and transitions in developmental mode; functional morphology and ecology of larval forms; larval transport, settlement, and metamorphosis; climate change and larval ecology at the extremes. This novel synthesis integrates traditional larval ecology with life history theory, evolutionary developmental biology, and modern genomics research.
1: Origin and Diversity of Marine Larvae, Claus Nielsen
2: Evolutionary Development of Marine Larvae, Heather Marlow
3: Evolutionary ecology of parental investment and larval diversity, Dustin Marshall, Justin McAlister, and Adam Retizel
4: Evolutionary Transitions in Mode of Development, Rachel Collin and Amy Moran
5: Asexual Reproduction of Marine Invertebrate Embryos and Larvae, Jonathan D. Allen, Adam M. Reitzel, and William Jaeckle
6: Section 1 Summary - Evolutionary origins and transitions in developmental mode
7: Larval feeding: mechanisms, rates, and performance in nature, Bruno Pernet
8: Phenotypic plasticity of feeding structures in marine invertebrate larvae, Justin S. McAlister and Benjamin G. Miner
9: Physiology of larval feeding, William Jaeckle
10: Section 2 Summary - Functional morphology and ecology of larval forms
11: Larval transport in the coastal zone: biological and physical processes, Jesús Pineda and Nathalie Reyns
12: Genetic analysis of larval dispersal, gene flow, and connectivity, Peter B. Marko and Michael W. Hart
13: I feel that! Fluid dynamics and sensory aspects of larval settlement across scales, Jason Hodin, Matthew C. Ferner, Andreas Heyland, and Brian Gaylord
14: Latent effects: surprising consequences of embryonic and larval experience on life after metamorphosis, Jan A. Pechenik
15: Section 3 Summary - Larval Transport, Settlement, and Metamorphosis
16: Ecology and evolution of larval dispersal in the deep sea, Craig M. Young, Shawn M. Arellano, Jean-François Hamel, and Annie Mercier
17: Larval ecology in the face of changing climate - impacts of ocean warming and ocean acidification, Maria Byrne, Pauline M Ross, Symon A. Dworjanyn, and Laura Parker
18: Ecotoxicology in marine environments: the protective role of ABC transporters in sea urchin embryos and larvae, Ilaria Corsi and Luis Fernando Marques-Santos
19: An -omics perspective on marine invertebrate larvae, Elizabeth A. Williams and Tyler J. Carrier
20: Section 4 Summary - Larval Ecology at the Extremes
21: Marine Invertebrate Larvae: Model Life Histories for Development, Ecology, and Evolution, Alan C. Love and Richard R. Strathmann
Tyler Carrier is an NSF Gradate Research Fellow and PhD student in the Department of Biological Sciences at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. He received his B.S. from the University of Maine in 2015, was a visiting research scholar at Brown University that summer, and began his PhD that fall. His research interests are in how oceanographic phenomena shape evolution in the sea with an emphasis on marine invertebrate larvae, as well as host-microbiota partnerships and how these relationships promote evolutionary innovation. He has been the recipient of a number of competitive nation grants, and has published four peer-reviewed papers in international journals.
Adam Reitzel is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Biological Sciences at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. Dr Reitzel's research combines comparative development, physiology, and gene expression to determine mechanisms mediating organism-environment interactions. He obtained his M.Sc. degree from the University of Florida in 2002, a PhD from Boston University in 2008, and was a postdoctoral scholar at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute. Dr Reitzel has published more than 60 peer-reviewed publications and organised various meetings and symposia. Dr. Reitzel has received funding from federal (NSF, NIH) and international (Human Frontiers) agencies in support of his research program.
Andreas Heyland is Associate Professor in the Department of Integrative Biology at the University of Guelph. Dr Heyland is interested in understanding the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying marine invertebrate life histories. He obtained his M.Sc. degree in Zoology from the University of Zurich, a PhD in Zoology from the University of Florida in 2004, and between 2004 and 2007 trained as a postdoctoral fellow with Leonid Moroz at the Whitney Laboratory for Marine Biosciences. Dr Heyland has published more than 44 peer-reviewed scientific articles in international journals such as BioEssays, Evolution, Evolution & Development, Nature, and Cell. He co-edited the book: Mechanisms of Life History Evolution with Thomas Flatt. He is regularly invited to speak at Universities and conferences and to review journal articles and grant proposals.
Contributors:
- Jonathan D. Allen - College of William & Mary, USA
- Shawn M. Arellano - Shannon Point Marine Center, Western Washington University, USA
- Maria Byrne - University of Sydney, Australia
- Tyler J. Carrier - University of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA
- Rachel Collin - Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Republic of Panama
- Ilaria Corsi - University of Siena, Italy
- Symon A. Dworjanyn - Southern Cross University, Australia
- Matthew C. Ferner - San Francisco Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve and San Francisco State University, USA
- Brian Gaylord - Bodega Marine Laboratory, University of California at Davis, USA
- Jean-François Hamel - Society for the Exploration and Valuing of the Environment, St. Philips NL, Canada
- Michael W. Hart - Simon Fraser University, Canada
- Andreas Heyland - University of Guelph, Canada
- Jason Hodin - Friday Harbor Laboratories, University of Washington, USA
- William Jaeckle - Illinois Wesleyan University, USA
- Alan C. Love - University of Minnesota, USA
- Peter B. Marko - University of Hawai'i at Mãnoa, USA
- Heather Marlow - Pasteur Institute, France
- Luis Fernando Marques-Santos - University of Paraiba, Brazil
- Dustin Marshall - Monash University, Australia
- Justin McAlister - College of the Holy Cross, USA
- Annie Mercier - Memorial University, Canada
- Benjamin G. Miner - Western Washington University, USA
- Amy Moran - University of Hawai'i at Mãnoa, USA
- Claus Nielsen - Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Laura Parker - University of Sydney, Australia
- Jan A. Pechenik - Tufts University, USA
- Bruno Pernet - California State University Long Beach, USA
- Jesús Pineda - Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, USA
- Adam Retizel - University of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA
- Nathalie Reyns - University of San Diego, USA
- Pauline M. Ross - University of Sydney, Australia
- Richard R. Strathmann - Friday Harbor Laboratories, University of Washington, USA
- Elizabeth A. Williams - Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Germany
- Craig M. Young - University of Oregon, USA
