Seagrass communities are of the most productive and complex marine ecosystems. But increasing human development of coastal zones, particularly in the Mediterranean Sea, has accelerated seagrass loss in the recent decades. This book provides an overview of the current state-of-the-art in seagrass research, which should support conservation efforts by a better understanding of their contribution to coastal ecosystems and the mechanisms that regulate their functioning. The book provides both the scientific basis to develop reliable tools for accurate management policies. Multidisciplinary and experimental approaches complement traditional descriptive studies.