Neurogenesis

About this book

In discrete locations of the adult brain, new neurons are born from stem cells that differentiate, migrate, and integrate into the existing neural network. This process is implicated in normal brain functions such as memory formation and is disrupted in many disease states, including Alzheimer's, schizophrenia, and depression.

Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology provides a state-of-the-art account of the sophisticated neurogenic processes in the adult mammalian brain – particularly in the hippocampus and olfactory bulb. Contributors review the properties of neural precursor subtypes, the molecular mechanisms that underlie their maturation, the influence of external stimuli (e.g., exercise), the functions of the newborn neurons in the brain, and the factors that determine their survival or elimination. The differences between embryonic and adult neurogenesis, noncanonical sites of neurogenesis, and evolutionary aspects of neurogenesis are discussed, as are methods and models for studying neurogenic processes.

The authors also explore how neurogenesis is disrupted in various neurological and psychiatric diseases, as well as the potential to harness neurogenic processes for therapeutic interventions (e.g., repairing a stroke-damaged brain). Neurogenesis will therefore be useful for neurobiologists, cell and developmental biologists, and those with clinical interests.

Contents

Preface

METHODS
Neurogenesis: A Prologue
    Gerd Kempermann, Hongjun Song, and Fred H. Gage
Detection and Phenotypic Characterization of Adult Neurogenesis
    H. Georg Kuhn, Amelia J. Eisch, Kirsty Spalding, and Daniel A. Peterson
In Vitro Models for Neurogenesis
    Hassan Azari and Brent A. Reynolds
Viral and Transgenic Reporters and Genetic Analysis of Adult Neurogenesis
    Grigori Enikolopov, Linda Overstreet-Wadiche, and Shaoyu Ge

CELLULAR MECHANISMS
Neurogenesis in the Adult Hippocampus
    Gerd Kempermann, Hongjun Song, and Fred H. Gage
The Adult Ventricular–Subventricular Zone (V-SVZ) and Olfactory Bulb (OB) Neurogenesis
    Daniel A. Lim and Arturo Alvarez-Buylla
Diversity of Neural Precursors in the Adult Mammalian Brain
    Michael A. Bonaguidi, Ryan P. Stadel, Daniel A. Berg, Jiaqi Sun, Guo-li Ming, and Hongjun Song
Noncanonical Sites of Adult Neurogenesis in the Mammalian Brain
    David M. Feliciano, Angélique Bordey, and Luca Bonfanti

MOLECULAR MECHANISMS
Neurogenesis in the Developing and Adult Brain—Similarities and Key Differences
    Magdalena Götz, Masato Nakafuku, and David Petrik
Transcription-Factor-Dependent Control of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis
    Ruth Beckervordersandforth, Chun-Li Zhang, and Dieter Chichung Lie
Control of Adult Neurogenesis by Short-Range Morphogenic-Signaling Molecules
    Youngshik Choe, Samuel J. Pleasure, and Helena Mira
Control of Cell Survival in Adult Mammalian Neurogenesis
    H. Georg Kuhn
Maturation and Functional Integration of New Granule Cells into the Adult Hippocampus
    Nicolas Toni and Alejandro F. Schinder
Genetics and Epigenetics in Adult Neurogenesis
    Jenny Hsieh and Xinyu Zhao
Engineering of Adult Neurogenesis and Gliogenesis
    Benedikt Berninger and Sebastian Jessberger
Regulation of Adult Neurogenesis and Plasticity by (Early) Stress, Glucocorticoids, and Inflammation
    Paul J. Lucassen, Charlotte A. Oomen, Eva F.G. Naninck, Carlos P. Fitzsimons, Anne-Marie van Dam, Boldizsár Czeh, and Aniko Korosi
Activity Dependency and Aging in the Regulation of Adult Neurogenesis
    Gerd Kempermann
Neuronal Circuitry Mechanisms Regulating Adult Mammalian Neurogenesis
    Juan Song, Reid H.J. Olsen, Jiaqi Sun, Guo-li Ming, and Hongjun Song

FUNCTIONAL SIGNIFICANCE
Adult Olfactory Bulb Neurogenesis
    Pierre-Marie Lledo and Matt Valley
Interaction between Neurogenesis and Hippocampal Memory System: New Vistas
    Djoher Nora Abrous and Jan Martin Wojtowicz
Computational Modeling of Adult Neurogenesis
    James B. Aimone

NEUROLOGICAL AND PSYCHIATRIC DISEASES
Functional Differentiation of Adult-Born Neurons along the Septotemporal Axis of the Dentate Gyrus
    Melody V Wu, Amar Sahay, Ronald S. Duman, and René Hen
Adult Neurogenesis in Neurodegenerative Diseases
    Beate Winner and Jürgen Winkler
Adult Neurogenesis and Psychiatric Disorders
    Eunchai Kang, Zhexing Wen, Hongjun Song, Kimberly M. Christian, and Guo-li Ming
Epilepsy and Adult Neurogenesis
    Sebastian Jessberger and Jack M. Parent
Neurogenesis following Stroke Affecting the Adult Brain
    Olle Lindvall and Zaal Kokaia

COMPARATIVE NEUROGENESIS AND EVOLUTIONARY ASPECTS
Adult Neurogenesis in Fish
    Julia Ganz and Michael Brand
Neurogenesis in the Adult Avian Song-Control System
    Eliot A. Brenowitz and Tracy A. Larson
Adult Neurogenesis in Humans
    Olaf Bergmann, Kristy L. Spalding, and Jonas Frisen
Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Natural Populations of Mammals
    Irmgard Amrein
Adult Neurogenesis: An Evolutionary Perspective
    Gerd Kempermann

Index

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