Over the course of evolution, fungi have adapted to occupy specific niches, from symbiotically inhabiting the flora of the intestinal tract of mammals to saprophytic growth on leaf litter resting on the forest floor. In Plant Fungal Pathogens: Methods and Protocols, expert researchers in the field detail many of the methods which are now commonly used to study fungal plant pathogens. These include methods and techniques for model systems such as Arabidopsis thaliana as well as crop plants, aspects of fungal biology, genome annotation, next-generation sequencing, and fungal transformation and molecular tools for disease and/or pathogen quantification that are critical for revealing the role for a fungal gene of interest in disease development.
Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Plant Fungal Pathogens: Methods and Protocols seeks to aid scientists in the further study in current techniques that cover a wide-range of methods to study molecular aspects of pathogenesis.
1. Fungal ABC Transporter Deletion and Localization AnalysisAndriy Kovalchuk, Stefan Weber, Jeroen G. Nijland, Roel A.L. Bovenberg, and Arnold J.M. Driessen
2. Targeted Gene Replacement in Fungal Pathogens via Agrobacterium tumefaciens Mediated TransformationRasmus John Normand Frandsen, Mette Frandsen, Henriette Giese
3. Activity-based Protein Profiling of Infected Plants Farnusch Kaschani, Christian Gu, Renier A.L. van der Hoorn
4. The use of Agroinfiltration for Transient Expression of Plant Resistance and Fungal Effector Proteins in Nicotiana benthamiana Leaves Lisong Ma, Ewa Lukasik, Fleur Gawehns and Frank L.W. Takken
5. Proteomic Techniques for Plant-Funal Interactions Delphine Vincent, Kar-Chun Tan, Liam Cassidy, Peter Solomon and Richard Oliver
6. Identification of HR-inducing cDNAs from Plant Pathogens via a Gateway(R)-Compatible Binary Potato Virus X-Expression Vector H. Peter van Esse
7. Freeze-Fracture of Infected Plant Leaves in Ethanol for Scanning Electron Microscopic Study of Fungal Pathogens Jayma A. Moore and Scott A. Payne
8. Real-time PCR for the Quantification of Fungi in planta Steven J. Klosterman
9. Using Non-homologous End-joining-deficient Strains for Functional Gene Analyses in Filamentous Fungi Mark Arentshorst, Arthur F.J. Ram, Vera Meyer
10. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM): A Tool for Studying Biophysical Surface Properties Underpinning Fungal Interactions with Plants and Substrates Elizabeth Adams,Danielle Emerson, Sean Croker, Hye-Seon Kim, Shannon Modla, Seogchan Kang, Kirk Czymmek
11. Use of the Yeast Two-Hybrid System to Identify Targets of Fungal EffectorsShunwen Lu
12. Characterization of Plant - Fungal Interactions Involving Necrotrophic Effector-Producing Plant Pathogens Timothy L. Friesen and Justin D. Faris
13. Heterologous Production of Fungal Effectors in Pichia pastoris Anja Kombrink
14. The Application of Laser Microdissection to Profiling Fungal Pathogen Gene Expression in planta Wei-Hua Tang, Yan Zhang, and Jon Duvick
15. Metabolomics Protocols for Filamentous FungiJoel P.A. Gummer, Christian Krill, Lauren Du Fall, Ormonde D.C. Waters, Robert D. Trengove, Richard P. Oliver and Peter S. Solomon
16. Targeted Gene Replacement in Fungi using a Split-Marker Approach Rubella S. Goswami
17. Massively Parallel Sequencing Technology in Pathogenic Microbes Sucheta Tripathy and Rays H.Y. Jiang
18. Confocal Microscopy in Plant Pathogen Interactions Adrienne R. Hardham
19. The use of Open Source Bioinformatics Tools to Dissect Transcriptomic Data Benjamin M. Nitsche, Arthur F.J. Ram, Vera Meyer
20. Population Biology of Fungal Plant Pathogens Zahi K. Atallah and Krishna V. Subbarao
21. Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)-mediated Transformation in Filamentous Fungal Pathogens Zhaohui Liu and Timothy L. Friesen
22. In vitro Induction of Infection-related Hyphal Structures in Plant Pathogenic Fungi W.R. Rittenour, S.D. Harris
23. Fungicide Resistance Assays for Fungal Plant Pathogens Gary A. Secor and Viviana V. Rivera
24. Identification of Lipid-binding Effectors Shiv D. Kale and Brett M. Tyler
25. In silico Identification and Characterization of Effector Catalogs Ronnie de Jonge
26. Horizontal Transfer of Supernumerary Chromosomes in Fungi H. Charlotte van der Does and Martijn Rep
27. The Induction of Mycotoxins by Trichothecene Producing Fusarium Species Rohan Lowe, Melanie Jubault, Gail Canning, Martin Urban and Kim E. Hammond-Kosack
28. Identifying Genes in Fusarium verticillioides Through Forward and Reverse Genetics J.B. Ridenour, R.L. Hirsch, and B.H. Bluhm
29. Assessment of Autophagosome Formation by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) Marina Nadal and Scott E. Gold
30. Fungal Plant Pathogen Detection in Plant and Soil Samples using DNA MacroarraysB Lievens, A Juste and K A Willems
31. Random Insertional Mutagenesis in Fungal Genomes to Identify Virulence Factors Parthasarathy Santhanam
32. A Yeast-Secretion Trap Assay for Identification of Secreted Proteins from Eukaryotic Phytopathogens and their Plant Hosts Sang-Jik Lee and Jocelyn K.C. Rose
33. Comparing Fungal Genomes: Insight into Functional and Evolutionary Processes Eva H. Stukenbrock and Julien Y. Dutheil
34. Multi-gene Phylogenetic Analyses to Delimit New Species in Fungal Plant PathogensTara L. Rintoul , Quinn A. Eggertson , and C. Andre Levesque
35. MAP Kinase Phosphorylation and cAMP Assessment in Fungi Rahim Mehrabi, Sarrah Ben M'Barek, Abbas Saidi, Masoud Abrinbana, Mostafa Aghaee, Pierre J. G. M. de Wit and Gert H. J. Kema
36. A One-step Affinity-purification Protocol to Purify NB-LRR Immune Receptors from Plants that Mediate Resistance to Fungal Pathogens Wladimir I.L. Tameling
37. Karyotyping Methods for Fungi Rahim Mehrabi, Masatoki Taga, Mostafa Aghaee, Pierre J. G. M. de Wit, Gert H. J. Kema
38. Isolation of Apoplastic Fluid from Leaf Tissue by the Vacuum Infiltration-Centrifugation Technique Matthieu H.A.J. Joosten
39. Gene Cloning using Degenerate Primers and Genome Walking Javier A. Delgado, Steven Meinhardt, Samuel G. Markell and Rubella S. Goswami
40. Construction of Hairpin RNA Expressing Vectors for RNA-mediated Gene Silencing in Fungi Shaobin Zhong, Yueqiang Leng, Melvin D. Bolton
41. An Unbiased Method for the Quantitation of Disease Phenotypes using a Custom-built Macro Plugin for the Program ImageJ Ahmed Abd-El-Haliem