The flora of the southwestern tip of Africa is one of the richest in the world. Recognised historically as the Cape Floristic Kingdom or Region, it encompasses a land area of 90,760 km2 with some 9400 species of vascular plants (ferns and other spore-bearing vascular plants, gymnosperms, and flowering plants), of which just over 68% are endemic. Nearly half of all vascular plant species recorded in southern Africa, and around one-fifth of the species recorded in subSaharan Africa, occur here. This treatment is a concise account of all known species, arranged according to the most recent systems of classification.