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Pastoralism has shaped livelihoods and landscapes on the African continent for millennia. Mobile livestock husbandry has generally been portrayed as an economic strategy that successfully met the challenges of low biomass productivity and environmental variability in arid and semi-arid environments. Pastoralism in Africa focuses on the emergence, diversity, and inherent dynamics of pastoralism in Africa based on research during a twelve-year period on the southwest and northeast regions. Unraveling the complex prehistory, history, and contemporary political ecology of African pastoralism, results in insight into the ingenuity and flexibility of historical and contemporary herders.
Chapter 1. Specialisation and Diversification among African Pastoral Societies
Michael Bollig and Michael Schnegg
PART A: THE PREHISTORY OF PASTORALISM IN AFRICA
Chapter 2. Herders Before Pastoralism – Prehistoric Prelude in the Eastern Sahara
Rudolph Kuper and Heiko Riemer
Chapter 3. 'I hope Your Cattle Are Well' – Archaeological Evidence for Early Cattle-Centred Behaviour in the Eastern Sahara of Sudan and Chad
Friederike Jesse, Birgit Keding, Tilman Lenssen-Erz and Nadja Pöllath
Chapter 4. Trajectories to Pastoralism in Northern and Central Kenya: an Overview of the Archaeological and Environmental Evidence
Paul Lane
Chapter 5. From first Stock Keepers to Specialised Pastoralists in the West African Savanna
Veerle Linseele
Chapter 6. A Short History of Early Herding in Southern Africa
Karim Sadr
PART B: HISTORICAL AND CONTEMPORARY DYNAMICS OF PASTORALISM
Chapter 7. Establishing a Pre-Colonial 'Modern' Cattle and Gun Society: (Re-)pastoralisation, Mercantile Capitalism and Power Amongst Herero in Nineteenth Century Central Namibia
Dag Henrichsen
Chapter 8. The Emergence of Commercial ranching Under State Control and the Encapsulation of Pastoralism in African Reserves
Christo Botha
Chapter 9. Land, Boreholes and Fences: the Development of Commercial Livestock Farming in the Outjo District, Namibia
Ute Dieckmann
Chapter 10. The Political Ecology of Specialisation and Diversification: Long-term Dynamics of Pastoralism in East Pokot District, Kenya
Michael Bollig and Matthias Österle
Chapter 11. Social-Ecological Change and Institutional Development in a Pastoral Community in North-Western Namibia.
Michael Bollig
Chapter 12. Pastoral Belonging: Causes and Consequences of Part-Time Pastoralism in North-Western Namibia
Michael Schnegg, Julia Pauli and Clemens Greiner
PART C: VIOLENCE, TRADE AND CONSERVATION AND PASTORALISM IN AFRICA
Chapter 13. State, Conflict and Pastoralism in Contemporary Eastern Chad: The Case of Zaghawa-Tama Relationships
Babett Jánszky and Grit Jungstand
Chapter 14. Unofficial Trade When States are Weak: The Case of Cross-Border LivestockTrade in the Horn of Africa
Peter D. Little
Chapter 15. Pastoralism and Trans-Saharan Trade: Transformation of a Historical Trade Route between Eastern Chad and Libya
Meike Meerpohl
Chapter 16. Pastoralism and Nature Conservation in Southern Africa
Susanne Berzborn and Martin Solich
PART D: PASTORAL MODERNITIES IN AFRICA
Chapter 17. The Indigenization of Pastoral Modernity: Territoriality, Mobility, and Poverty in Dryland Africa
John G. Galaty
Michael Bollig is Professor of Social and Cultural Anthropology at the University of Cologne. His publications include Risk Management in a Hazardous Environment: A Comparative Study of Two Pastoral Societies (2006); The Practice of War: Production, Reproduction and Communication of Armed Violence (with A. Rao and M. Bock, Berghahn Books, 2007); and African Landscapes: Interdisciplinary Approaches (with O. Bubenzer, 2009).
Michael Schnegg is Professor of Social and Cultural Anthropology at the University of Hamburg, Germany. His research aims to understand how people in Sub-Saharan Africa value, use, and govern ecosystem services in an increasingly deterritorialized world.
Hans-Peter Wotzka is Professor of Prehistoric Archaeology at the University of Cologne. His publications include Aridity, Change and Conflict in Africa (with Michael Bollig, Olaf Bubenzer and Ralf Vogelsang, Heinrich-Barth-Institut, 2007) and Proceedings of the Third International Conference on the Archaeology of the Fourth Nile Cataract (Heinrich-Barth-Institut, 2012).
