Breakthroughs in Geology Ideas That Transformed Earth Science

About this book

Geological research does not flow steadily onwards by means of small incremental advances but can be better understood as a series of significant discoveries or changes in interpretation that transformed the way we understand the Earth. Each of these changes or new ideas encouraged a burst of activity as researchers attempted to apply them more widely in order to test their universality, and thereby their validity as a scientific theory.

Probably the best example of such a transformative idea is Plate Tectonics, which, although questioned at the time it was introduced, is now universally accepted as a general principleA large number of the subsequent advances in geological understanding have been based upon this breakthrough. Each of the 12 chapters in this book represents a new idea or discovery, which is discussed in its historical context. In each case the salient features of these ideas are described, together with some biographical details of the individual scientists credited with them but also mentioning others whose role in the generation of the idea is perhaps not so obvious.

Of instant appeal to geologists and other earth scientists interested in how their science evolved over time by means of a number of revolutionary ideas, this book also serves as a paradigm for the history of science across many disciplines.

Contents

Introduction
Preface and acknowledgements

1 Uniformitarianism: the first breakthrough
2 Evolution and the Origin of Species
3 Continental drift
4 Mantle convection: a mechanism for Continental Drift?
5 Deformation ellipsoid to ductile shear zone
6 Plate tectonics
7 Ophiolites
8 Fault kinematics
9 Back-arc basins and trench roll-back
10 Hot spots and mantle plumes
11 Sequence stratigraphy
12 Gravity spreading

Glossary
References
Index

Customer Reviews

Biography

Graham Park is Emeritus Professor of Tectonic Geology at the University of Keele. He is the author of the best-selling Introducing Geology, The Making of Europe: A Geological History and Mountains: The Origins of the Earth's Mountain Systems also published by Dunedin Academic Press.