The present volume is compendium of wide ranging modern topics on soil microbiology. It is an assemblage of the up-to-date information of rapid advances and developments taking place in the field of soil microbiology. The book is a unique compilation of 30 chapters which discuss exhaustive studies on algae, fungi, lichens, mycorrhizae, bacteria, virus and other microorganisms. This book will be a milestone in the field of soil microbiology, because it will open a new vista in the field of soil microbiology and its applied aspects.