South African Red Data Book: Butterflies, produced in cooperation with the Lepidopterists' Society of Africa, fulfils the need for a revised South African Red Data Book for butterflies as well as for an improved pro- posed Red List of butterflies in South Africa. It highlights the presence of threatened species, provides a rationale for the listing of such taxa, and then identifies the actual threats facing these butterfly species. A review of the ecology of each species, if known, is given, enabling appropriate conservation action to be directed towards these threats. Research priorities that promote conservation management strategies for the species are also identified. A most useful tool for students, workers, managers, and decision-makers in conservation-related fields.