The implementation of sustainable development may seem a simple concept when written on paper. However local sustainability requires long-term investments, a solid institutional framework and a society motivated towards sustainable development goals. The allocation of regular and consistent financial resources is one of the main challenges. Green economic instruments and ecotaxes can be used to sponsor local actions in the long run. The improvement of human resources capabilities and public administration is also considered a fundamental step. This book also approaches municipal administration strategies, corporate management tools, strategic environmental assessment (SEA), social motivation and participation and a comprehensive municipal environmental management scheme to support the sustainable development process.