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The Globe tells the story of humanity's quest to discover the form of the world. Philosophers in ancient Greece deduced the true shape of the Earth in the fourth century BCE; the Romans passed the knowledge to India, and from there it spread to Baghdad and Central Asia. In early medieval Europe, Christians debated the matter but long before the time of Columbus, the Catholic Church had accepted that the Earth is round and not flat. However, it wasn't until the seventeenth century that Jesuit missionaries finally convinced the Chinese that their traditional square-earth cosmology was mistaken. An accessible challenge to long-established beliefs about the history of ideas, The Globe shows how the realization that our planet is a sphere deserves to be considered the first great scientific achievement.
Introduction: 'The Blue Marble'
1. Babylon: 'The four quarters of the Earth'
2. Egypt: 'The black loam and the red sand'
3. Persia: 'Order and Deceit'
4. Archaic Greece: 'The Shield of Achilles'
5. The Origins of Greek Thought: 'Equally distant from all extremes'
6. The Presocratics and Socrates: 'Floating on air'
7. Plato: 'Flat or round, whichever is better'
8. Aristotle: 'Necessarily spherical'
9. Greek Debate on the Shape of the World: 'Either round or triangular or some other shape'
10. Romans on the Globe: 'The circle of the world'
11. India: 'The mountain at the North Pole'
12. The Sassanian Persians: 'Good thoughts, good words, good deeds'
13. Early Judaism: 'From the ends of the Earth'
14. Christianity: 'All things established by divine command'
15. Islam: 'The Earth laid out like a carpet'
16. Later Judaism: 'The wise men of the nations have defeated the wise men of Israel'
17. Europe in the Early Middle Ages: 'Equally round in all directions'
18. High Medieval Views of the World: 'The Earth has the shape of a globe'
19. Columbus and Copernicus: 'New worlds will be found'
20. China: 'The heavens are round and the Earth is square'
21. China and the West: 'Like the yoke in a hen's egg'
22. The Globe Goes Global: 'At the round Earth's imagined corners'
23. Today: 'There's nothing particularly exciting about a round world'
Afterword
References
Bibliography
Acknowledgements
Photo Acknowledgements
Index
James Hannam is the author of God's Philosophers: How the Medieval World Laid the Foundations of Modern Science (2009) and What Everyone Needs to Know about Tax (2017). He is a fellow of the Royal Historical Society and lives in Kent.
"Hannam gives us context and biography, when available [...] The virtue of Hannam's writing style is that it is almost invisible. The reader does not have to untangle sentences, as often in academic prose, nor does the author plant the meadows of his pages with rare and distracting lexicographic blooms. As for the arc of his history, it swept me along, especially when I found I was learning a thing or two [...] Bede called Pliny's Natural History – "that delightful book" – and the same could be said of Hannam's own lively historical journey."
– The Daily Telegraph
"This splendid book [...] aims mainly to dismantle 'the conflict theory' – the idea that a battle between science and religious literalism prevented people accepting the roundness of the Earth well into the 15th century [...] After a colourful tour through ancient Babylonian, Egyptian and Persian cosmologies, we arrive at the Greeks, who at last began to figure things out."
– The Spectator
"From the philosophers of ancient Greece to seventh-century Jesuit missionaries to China, the story of humanity's quest to discover the form of our world, and how we came to know that the Earth is round and not flat."
– The Bookseller
"A tour d'horizon that spans time as well as space, this is a thrilling intellectual adventure story."
– Tom Holland, author of Dominion: The Making of the Western Mind
"From philosophers in ancient Greece to Jesuit missionaries in China, James Hannam's The Globe explores the history of ideas and our quest to understand our planet."
– People's Friend: 'We're Loving'
"In an age of globalisation, James Hannam's playful and erudite book reminds us of the global origins of our common understanding of the spherical earth, stretching from Babylon to NASA. A truly all-encompassing book: a wonderful achievement and a delight to read."
– Jerry Brotton, author of A History of the World in Twelve Maps
"An exploration of one of humankind's oldest and most profound insights, The Globe is a work of compulsively readable myth-busting. As amiable as it is scholarly, James Hannam's book uses the history of the spherical Earth to provide a global tour of cosmologies through the ages."
– Philip Ball, author of The Book of Minds
