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The first half of the nineteenth century saw new scientific disciplines begin to take shape, while new concepts of the natural world and its processes - concepts of evolution and the vastness of geological time - began to spread. Jim Secord, Director of the Darwin correspondence project, captures the changing times through the nature and reception, by genteel ladies and working men as well as among the intelligentsia, of a selection of key books from the 1830s, including Charles Lyell's Principles of Geology, Mary Somerville's Connexion of the Physical Sciences, and Thomas Carlyle's satirical work, Sartor Resartus. Set in the context of electoral reform and unrest in continental Europe, of debates about the extension of education to working people to meet the demands of a new industrial, machine-dominated world, Secord shows how the books were published, disseminated, admired, attacked, and satirized.
Preface
Introduction
1.: Fantastic Voyages: Humphry Davys Consolations in Travel
2.: The Economy of Intelligence: Charles Babbages Reflections on the Decline of Science
3.: The Conduct of Everyday Life: John Herschels Preliminary Discourse on the Study of Natural Philosophy
4.: Mathematics for the Million?: Mary Somervilles On the Connexion of the Physical Sciences
5.: A Philosophy for a New Science: Charles Lyells Principles of Geology
6.: The Problem of Mind: George Combes Constitution of Man
7.: The Torch of Science: Thomas Carlyles Sartor Resartus
Epilogue
Chronology
Further Reading
Abbreviations
Notes
Bibliography of Works after 1900
Index
Jim Secord is Professor of History and Philosophy of Science at the University of Cambridge, Director of the Darwin Correspondence Project, and a fellow of Christ's College. His research and teaching is on the history of science from the late eighteenth century to the present. He has published several books, including Controversy in Victorian Geology (Princeton, 1986) and editions of the works of Mary Somerville, Charles Lyell, and Robert Chambers. Victorian Sensation: The Extraordinary Publication, Reception, and Secret Authorship of Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation, an account of the public debates about evolution in the mid-nineteenth century, won the Pfizer Prize of the History of Science Society and the award for the best book in history from the Association of American Publishers' Professional/Scholarly Publishing Division.
"It is a useful reminder that science does not always advance in straight lines."
– Dame Athene Donald, Book of the Year 2014, Times Higher Education
"concise and engaging survey of the popular science literature that transformed the book trade during the 1830s"
– Mike Jay, London Review of Books
"Visions of Science follows the progress of scientific ideas in the charged years surrounding the Reform Bill of 1832. More than anything, however, it is about the way ideas were exchanged. The result is a compelling work of book history that sheds as much light on the intricacies of the nineteenth-century publishing world as it does on geology or astronomy, and the dual project at the heart of Visions of Science is one of its many strengths."
– Ushashi Dasgupta, Times Literary Supplement
"lucid and lively book [...] This book will appeal not only to historians, but to literary scholars keen to move beyond the familiar canon of poetry and prose. And for many other readers, the book will be a fascinating introduction to the first generation to believe that the modern disciplinary sciences could transform the human condition."
– Jo Elcoat, Chemistry World
"Visions of Science is a wonderfully lucid account of a complex and often misunderstood era that poses important questions about the way we understand both science and history."
– The Guardian
"well-written and handsomely produced volume."
– Graham Farmelo, Times Higher Education
"Elegantly written, Secords Visions of Science provides its readers with fresh insights into the turbulent decade around 1830, when science was changing from "a relatively esoteric pursuit" into one that would have a huge impact on "the everyday life of all men and women.""
– Science
"In an accessible style, and with a scholarly grasp of his protagonists, Secord examines seven works which recast the way that science was understood, setting their trajectories within a cultural and social context still dominated by a strongly Christian viewpoint."
– Cambridge Online
"James Secord provides insightful analyses of seven works published at the dawn of the Victorian age [...] He offers a compelling argument that his seven chosen works forged a new reading public that believed scientific knowledge was useful not only in narrow economic terms, but also in its potential for personal fulfilment, moral guidance and wider social regeneration."
– Jo Elcoat, Science and Education
"Secords superb perspective as a historian opens up and amply justifies the value of examining the publication, materiality and reception of scientific literature in an understudied period of change."
– Verity Burke, The British Society for Literature and Science
"Angst over scientific literacy is nothing new, notes James Secord. The political unease and religious turmoil in early Victorian Britain prompted John Herschel and fellow scientific utopians to urge a corrective: the dissemination of 'useful', or scientific, knowledge across society. As Secord shows, access to texts such as Charles Babbage's searing 1830 Reflections on the Decline of Science in England helped to foment an intellectual revolution in step with those in industry and modern science."
– Barbara Kiser, Books in brief, Nature 507, 20 March 2014
