ZooKeys 460: A Survey of Linyphiid Spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Linyphiidae)

About this book

Language: English

The family Linyphiidae is the second most diverse group of spiders worldwide. It contains about 4 500 described species and 590 genera. Linyphiids are easily diagnosed by their separate paracymbium, complex structure of copulative organs and sheet webs. These spiders are well studied in the Holarctic due to long period of investigation and numerous regional revisions. In contrast, they are but poorly treated in subtropical and tropical regions. Until now, only about 120 linyphiid species have been described or reported from Southeast Asia. Xishuangbanna tropical rain forest, located in southern Yunnan, is part of the SE Asian biodiversity hotspot. After almost a decade of intense collecting and sorting of spiders in this region, we identify eight new genera and 30 new species. The area now contains 48 species in total. A large number of canopy linyphiids have identical bodies and yet peculiar genitals. Accurate matching of the genders and determinations of species requires molecular analyses. We provide detailed descriptions and photographs of all of the new species. Further, we list with collection information the other 18 previously described species. Finally, we test for conspecificity of genders for perplexing pairs using DNA barcodes.

Contents

Introduction 4
   Material and methods 5
Taxonomy 8
   Genus Agyneta Hull, 1911 8
      Agyneta nigra (Oi, 1960) 9
   Genus Asiagone Tanasevitch, 2014 9
      Asiagone perforata Tanasevitch, 2014 9
   Genus Atypena Simon, 1894 10
      Atypena cirrifrons (Heimer, 1984) 10
   Genus Bathyphantes Menge, 1866 11
      Bathyphantes paracymbialis Tanasevitch, 2014 11
   Genus Batueta Locket, 1982 11
      Batueta cuspidata sp. n. 12
      Batueta similis Wunderlich & Song, 1995 13
   Genus Capsulia Saaristo, Tu & Li, 2006 14
      Capsulia laciniosa sp. n. 14
   Genus Cirrosus gen. n. 15
      Cirrosus atrocaudatus sp. n. 15
   Genus Conglin gen. n. 16
      Conglin personatus sp. n. 17
   Genus Curtimeticus gen. n. 17
      Curtimeticus nebulosus sp. n. 18
   Genus Dactylopisthes Simon, 1884 19
      Dactylopisthes separatus sp. n. 19
   Genus Erigone Audouin, 1826 20
      Erigone grandidens Tu & Li, 2004 20
   Genus Gladiata gen. n. 21
      Gladiata fengli sp. n. 21
   Genus Glebala gen. n. 22
      Glebala aspera sp. n. 23
   Genus Glomerosus gen. n. 23
      Glomerosus lateralis sp. n. 24
   Genus Gongylidiellum Simon, 1884 24
      Gongylidiellum bracteatum sp. n. 25
   Genus Houshenzinus Tanasevitch, 2006 25
      Houshenzinus xiaolongha sp. n. 25
   Genus Hylyphantes Simon, 1884 26
      Hylyphantes graminicola (Sundevall, 1830) 27
   Genus Kaestneria Wiehle, 1956 27
      Kaestneria bicultrata Chen & Yin, 2000 27
   Genus Laogone Tanasevitch, 2014 28
      Laogone bai sp. n. 28
      Laogone lunata sp. n. 29
   Genus Maro O. P.-Cambridge, 1906 30
      Maro bulbosus sp. n. 30
   Genus Nasoona Locket, 1982 31
      Nasoona asocialis (Wunderlich, 1974) 31
      Nasoona crucifera (Thorell, 1895) 31
   Genus Nasoonaria Wunderlich & Song, 1995 32
      Nasoonaria circinata sp. n. 32
      Nasoonaria sinensis Wunderlich & Song, 1995 33
   Genus Nematogmus Simon, 1884 34
      Nematogmus sanguinolentus (Walckenaer, 1841) 34
   Genus Neriene Blackwall, 1833 34
      Neriene circifolia sp. n. 34
      Neriene macella (Thorell, 1898) 36
      Neriene nitens Zhu & Chen, 1991 36
      Neriene strandia (Blauvelt, 1936) 36
   Genus Oedothorax Bertkau, 1883 36
      Oedothorax biantu sp. n. 37
   Genus Oilinyphia Ono & Saito, 1989 37
      Oilinyphia hengji sp. n. 37
   Genus Paikiniana Eskov, 1992 38
      Paikiniana furcata sp. n. 39
   Genus Parameioneta Locket, 1982 40
      Parameioneta bishou sp. n. 40
      Parameioneta multifida sp. n. 41
      Parameioneta tricolorata sp. n. 42
   Genus Prosoponoides Millidge & Russell-Smith, 1992 44
      Prosoponoides hamatus Millidge & Russell-Smith, 1992 44
   Genus Saitonia Eskov, 1992 44
      Saitonia kawaguchikonis Saito & Ono, 2001 44
   Genus Smerasia gen. n. 45
      Smerasia obscurus sp. n. 45
   Genus Tapinopa Westring, 1851 46
      Tapinopa undata sp. n. 47
      Tapinopa vara Locket, 1982 47
   Genus Theoa Saaristo, 1995 48
      Theoa bidentata sp. n. 48
      Theoa vesica sp. n. 50
   Genus Vittatus gen. n. 51
      Vittatus bian sp. n. 51
      Vittatus fencha sp. n. 52
      Vittatus latus sp. n. 53
      Vittatus pan sp. n. 54
Discussion 55
Plates 56
Acknowledgement 177
References 177

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