This book describes the exploration history and present status of cyanobacteria in Nepal, going down to the levels of provinces, ecological regions, and development regions. It provides a list of 315 cyanobacteria belonging to 90 genera, 29 families and six orders including 19 new species. The authors describe generic characters and provide a key to the species. For each species, the book gives taxonomic characters, dimensions, habitats, and distribution in Nepal. It also includes a list of previous as well as recently accepted names of cyanobacteria.