About this book
Climate Extremes: Patterns and Mechanisms is a compilation of recent advancements in the identification of the extreme event patterns and mechanisms. Climate Extremes covers a comprehensive documentation of the processes and mechanisms unique to individual weather and climate extremes events, which will advance the understanding and prediction of future extreme events. Currently, most of the developing theories about the changing patterns of weather and climate extremes are scattered in the literature and, therefore, this is a dedicated volume that summarises everything in one place for the larger research community and graduate students. Mid-latitude and subtropical climate extremes (heat waves, hurricanes, droughts, etc.) have increased and the dynamical processes leading to the increase have been linked to common theories such as arctic amplification, jet stream meandering, tropical expansion, etc. However, the dynamical processes of individual extreme events are manifold and cannot be generalised. The goal of Climate Extremes is to document the various climate extreme events and associated changes that have been analysed through diagnostics, modelling, and statistical approaches.
Volume highlights include:
- Breaking the mould of over-generalised mechanisms of extreme events and their increases and intensification
- Physical underpinning of climate extremes, which is one of the frontier sciences today
- State of the art of climate model performance in terms of simulating high-impact weather/climate extremes, and how much of a "lead time" current predictions can get
- Summary of the various existing theories, including controversial ones, on how climate extremes will continue to become stronger and more frequent
Climate Extremes: Patterns and Mechanisms is a valuable resource for scientists and students in the fields of geophysics, climate physics, natural hazards, and environmental science.
Contents
Contributors
Preface
Acknowledgments
Part I: Forcings of Climate Extremes
1. Changing El Nino-Southern Oscillation and Associated Climate Extremes
Jin-Yi Yu, Xin Wang, Song Yang, Houk Paek, and Mengyan Chen
2. Arctic-Midlatitude Interactions and Link to Weather Extremes
Timo Vihma
3. Aerosol Impacts on Regional Changes in Climate Extremes
Jana Sillmann, and Jinho Yoon
4. Weakened Flow, Persistent Circulation and Prolonged Weather Extremes
Dim Coumou, Kai Kornhuber, Jascha Lehmann, and Vladimir Petoukhov
5. Land Processes as the Forcing of Extremes: A Review
Min-Hui Lo, Tzu-Hsien Kuo, Hao-Wei Wey, Chia-Wei Lan, and Jen-Ping Chen
Part II: Processes of Climate Extremes
6. Timing of Anthropogenic Emergence in Climate Extremes
Andrew King, Markus G. Donat, David J. Karoly, and Ed Hawkins
7. Recent Increases in Extreme Temperature Occurrence Over Land
Scott Weaver, Arun Kumar, and Mingyue Chen
8. Why Future Shifts in Tropical Precipitation Will Likely Be Small?
Aaron Donohoe, and Aiko Voigt
9. Weather-Climate Interactions and MJO Influences
Paul Roundy, Lawrence Gloeckler, Kyle MacRitchie, and Naoko Sakaeda
10. West Pacific Warming as a Forcing of Climate Extremes
Chris Funk, and Andrew Hoell
11. Heat Waves and Association with Circumglobal Teleconnection: The Northern Hemisphere
Haiyan Teng, and Grant Branstator
Part III: Regional Climate Extremes
12. North American Drought and Links to Northern Eurasia: The Role of Stationary Rossby Waves
Hailan Wang, Siegfried D. Schubert, and Randal D. Koster
13. The California Drought: Trends and Impacts
Simon Wang, Jinho Yoon, Robert Gillies, and Huang-Hsiung Hsu
14. US Tornadoes: Observed Trends
Adam Clark
15. Australia's Recent Climate Extremes: Changes and Mechanisms
Sophie Lewis, David J. Karoly, Andrew King, Sarah E. Perkins, and Markus G. Donat
16. Unraveling East Africa's Climate Paradox
Bradfield Lyon, and Nicolas Vigaud
17. Extreme Drought Over Southwest Asia: A Physical Model
Andy Hoell, Mathew Barlow, and Forest Cannon
Part IV: Prediction of Climate Extremes
18. Extratropical Precursors of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation
Kathy Pegion, and Christopher Selman
19. North Atlantic Seasonal Hurricane Prediction: Underlying Science and an Evaluation of Statistical Models
Phil Klotzbach, Mark Saunders, Gerry Bell, and Eric Blake
20. Predicting Subseasonal Precipitation Variations Based on the MJO
Charles Jones
21. Prediction of Short-Term Climate Extremes with a Multi-Model Ensemble
Emily Becker
22. Towards Predicting US Tornadoes in the Late 21st Century
Adam Clark
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