Cone Penetration Testing in Geotechnical Practice

About this book

The static cone penetrometer (CPT) and the piezocone (CPTU) represents the most versatile tools currently available for in-situ soil exploration. Over the last 30 years there has been significant growth and development in the use of CPT and this is reflected in the impressive growth of the theoretical and experimental knowledge on the cone penetrometer and piezocone as well as in the several applications of the test to highly specialised measurements, e.g. seismic, environmental and electrical resistivity measurements. The purpose of this book is to provide guidance on the specification, performance, use and interpretation of the Electric Cone Penetration Test (CPU), and in particular the Cone Penetration Test with pore pressure measurement (CPTU) commonly referred to as the "piezocone test". Recommendation guidelines interpret a full range of geotechnical parameters from cone penetration data and relevant examples and case histories are given throughout the text.

Contents

Symbols. Units. Glossary. Introduction. Purpose and scope. General description of CPT and CPTU. Role of the CPT in site investigation. Historical background. Equipment and procedures. Cone penetrometer and piezocone. Pushing equipment. Test procedures. Data acquistion. Calibration of sensors. Maintenance. Choice of capacity of load cells. Precision and accuracy. Summary of performance checks and maintenance requirements. Checks, corrections and presentation of data. Factors affecting measurements and corrections. Presentation of results. Checks on data quality. results. Check list for piezocone testing and evaluation. Tests specifications. ISSMFE International test procedure for the Cone Penetration Test (CPT). Swedish Geotechnical Society: recommended standard for cone penetration tests (1993). Norwegian geotechnical society: guidelines for cone penetration tests (1994). ASTM: standard test method for performing electronic friction cone and piezocone penetration testing of soils (1995). Dutch standard: determination of the cone resistance and sleeve friction of soil, NEN5140 (1996). Other specifications, documents and recommendations. Interpretation of CPT/piezocone data. General factors influencing results. Soil stratigraphy. Soil classification. Interpretation in fine grained soils. Interpretation in coarse grained soils. Available experience and interpretation in other material. Examples of unusual behaviour. Use of non-standard test procedures. Statistical treatment of data. Software applications. Direct applications of CPTpiezocone results. Correlations to SPT. Deep foundations. Shallow foundations. Ground improvement - quality control. Liquification Additional sensors that can be incorporated. Lateral stress measurements . Pressuremeter module. Seismic measurement. Electrical conductivity. Heat conductivity. Nuclear back scatter. Acoustic noise. Water sampling. Environmetal applications of penetration testing. Introduction. Objectives of geo-environmetal site characterisation. CPT technology for site characterisation. Geo-environmental penetrometer logging devices. Geo-environmetal penetrometer sampling devices. Sealing and decontamination procedures. Future trends. Summary. Examples. Example profiles. Worked examples. Future trends. References. Appendixes. ISSMFE description of reference test. Swedish standard for cone testing. Calibration chamber testing. Index.

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