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A few members of the Gossypium (cotton) genus are cultivated for the production of elongated single-celled fibers valued worldwide at about $20 billion annually at the farm gate, and which sustain one of the world's largest industries (textiles) with an annual worldwide economic impact of about $500 billion. In a number of ways, cotton production and the textile industry are closely tied to petrochemical usage. At a practical level, cotton genomics offers both bio-based carbon sequestration alternatives to petrochemical use, and improved sustainability of crop production.
The Gossypium (cotton) also genus presents novel opportunities to advance our understanding of the natural world and its organic evolution. In particular, the evolution of cultivated cottons from their wild ancestors has involved a fascinating series of events that offer scientists the opportunity to dissect the evolution of a novel organ, the lint fiber, and also to unravel the consequences of polyploidy, both for the generation of biodiversity and for crop productivity. In this book, advances of the past decade will be summarized and synthesized to elucidate the current state of knowledge of the structure, function, and evolution of the Gossypium genome, and progress in the application of this knowledge to cotton improvement. This book will address five broad topics. First, as a backdrop for all studies of the genus, it is important to understand the naturally-occurring diversity in the genus, its organization and distribution, and its evolutionary history. Of special importance is the formation of a single polyploid from two (among 8) diploid genome types, the radiation of this polyploid, and thedomestication and improvement of two (among 5 extant) polyploid species.
Natural History and Genetic Diversity.- Evolution and Natural History of the Cotton Genus.- The worldwide gene pool of G. hirsutum and its improvement.- The worldwide gene pool of G. barbadense and its improvement.- The worldwide gene pools of G. arboreum and G. herbaceum and their improvement.- Genomic Tools, Resources and Approaches.- Gossypium DNA markers: types, numbers, and uses .- Physical composition and organization of the Gossypium genomes.- The Gossypium transcriptome.- Genetic Engineering of Cotton.- Mutagenesis Systems for Genetic Analysis of Gossypium.- Gossypium Bioinformatics Resources.- Bridging Classical and Genomic Investigations of Cotton Biology.- Bridging classical and molecular cytogenetics of Gossypium.- Bridging classical and molecular genetics of cotton fiber quality and development.- Bridging classical and molecular genetics of cotton disease resistance.- Bridging classical and molecular genetics of abiotic stress resistance in cotton.- Bridging Classical and Molecular Genetics in Modifying Cottonseed Oil.- Early messages.- Genomics of Cotton Fiber Secondary Wall Deposition and Cellulose Biogenesis.- Responses of the Cotton Genome to Polyploidy.- Comparative genomics of cotton and Arabidopsis.- Impacts on Agroecosystems of Transgenic Insect and Herbicide Resistance in Cotton.- Synthesis.- Toward characterizing the spectrum of diversity in the Gossypium genus.- Index
