This study is facilitated by following economic entomologists' and ecologists' changing ideas about different pest control strategies, chiefly 'chemical', 'biological', and 'integrated' control. The author then follows the efforts of one specific group of entomologists, at the University of California, over three generations from their advocacy of 'biological' controls in the 1930s and 40s, through their shifting attention to the development of an 'integrated pest management' in the context of 'big biology' during the 1970s.
Entomology in the United States; entomology in Canada; biological control in the United States and canada; biological control, integrated control, and ecological theory; environmental and entomological research, 1960-1975; ecological modelling and integrated pest management.