Over a continent and three centuries, American livestock owners destroyed wolves to protect the beasts that supplied them with food, clothing, mobility, and wealth. The brutality of the campaign soon exceeded wolves' misdeeds. Wolves menaced property, not people, but storytellers often depicted the animals as ravenous threats to human safety. Subjects of nightmares and legends, wolves fell prey not only to Americans' thirst for land and resources but also to their deeper anxieties about the untamed frontier.
Now Americans study and protect wolves and jail hunters who shoot them without authorization. Wolves have become the poster beasts of the great American wilderness, and the federal government has paid millions of dollars to reintroduce them to scenic habitats like Yellowstone National Park.
Why did Americans hate wolves for centuries? And, given the ferocity of this loathing, why are Americans now so protective of the animals? In this ambitious history of wolves in America - and of the humans who have hated and then loved them - Jon Coleman investigates a fraught relationship between two species.
Jon T. Coleman teaches history at the University of Notre Dame.
Coleman writes vividly... This rich study is less about the emergence of environmentalism than the persistence of history. Tristan Quinn, Times Literary Supplement "With lively prose and copious detail Coleman deftly weaves together the histories of settler and lupine societies... Provocative, scholarly, and readable." Karen R. Jones, Journal of American History "Thoughtfully conceived, insightful, and well written, Vicious is a wicked good read." Andrew Kirk, Montana: The Magazine of Western History"