Understanding the Earth System Global Change Science for Application

About this book

Explaining the what, the how and the why of climate science, this multidisciplinary new book provides a review of research from the last decade, illustrated with cutting-edge data and observations. A key focus is the development of analysis tools that can be used to demonstrate options for mitigating and adapting to increasing climate risks. Emphasis is given to the importance of Earth system feedback mechanisms and the role of the biosphere. Understanding the Earth System explains advances in modelling, process understanding and observations, and the development of consistent and coherent studies of past, present and 'possible' climates. This highly-illustrated, data-rich book is written by leading scientists involved in QUEST, a major UK-led research programme. It forms a concise and up-to-date reference for academic researchers or students in the fields of climatology, Earth system science and ecology, and also a vital resource for professionals and policymakers working on any aspect of global change.

Contents

List of editors, scientific editorial team and contributing authors
Foreword Sir John Lawton
Preface
Acknowledgements
List of notation

1. Earth system science and society: a focus on the Anthroposphere
2. Fundamentals of climate change science
3. How has climate responded to natural perturbations?
4. The Earth system feedbacks that matter for contemporary climate
5. Earth system models: a tool to understand changes in the Earth system
6. Climate change impacts and adaptation: an Earth system view
7. Mitigating climate risks by managing the biosphere
8. How our Earth system science understanding shapes society's options - key findings, implications and a forward look

List of acronyms
Glossary
Index

Customer Reviews

Biography

Sarah Cornell works on integrative socio-environmental research at the Stockholm Resilience Centre. In her previous role at the University of Bristol, she was responsible for the science management and the synthesis phase of the QUEST programme. Her research background is in marine and atmospheric chemistry, and her interdisciplinary interests are in the anthropogenic changes in global biogeochemistry, socio-economics, environmental policy and management, and the philosophy and methodology of integrative research. Dr Cornell established the University of Bristol's MSc in Earth System Science, the UK's first post-graduate programme on this topic, and is active in promoting education for sustainability. In recent years, she has become more engaged in use-oriented transdisciplinary research, with a particular focus on conceptualisations of humans in the Earth system.

Colin Prentice served as the scientific leader and Chair of the QUEST research programme for the UK Natural Environment Research Council. He is now a Professor at both Macquarie University, Sydney and Imperial College, London, where he and his collaborators are developing a 'next generation' biosphere model combining Earth system observations with developments in plant functional ecology. His overall research goal is to understand the interplay of the biosphere and its physical environment, including the causes and consequences of natural and human-caused changes in climate and the global carbon and nitrogen cycles. He was awarded the Milutin Milankovitch medal in 2002 and shared in the award of the Nobel Peace Prize to the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) in 2007. Professor Prentice co-chaired the IGBP's Analysis, Integration and Modelling of the Earth System (AIMES) project until 2010 and now directs the Australian Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's modelling facility and jointly co-ordinates the biodiversity theme for Macquarie's Climate Futures Centre.

Joanna House has been working in the field of climate science for over 20 years. As Science and Policy Officer for QUEST, her role was to co-ordinate the liaison between researchers and the policy/practice user communities. Now a Leverhulme Research Fellow in the Cabot Institute at the University of Bristol, her research focuses on the carbon cycle; land use change and greenhouse gas emissions; mitigation of climate change through avoided deforestation, forestry and bioenergy; emissions scenarios and policy implications. Dr House was an author in the Nobel Prize-winning IPCC Third Assessment Report and a convening lead author on the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, which received the Zayeed Prize for Environmental Science. She has also contributed her expertise to reports such as the Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change (2006) and the Eliasch Review of Forests and Climate Change (2008).

Cat Downy has a background in science management and liaison, working to bring scientists together under the growing banner of Earth System Science. She ran the UK's first open conference in this field, Earth System Science 2010, in Edinburgh, successfully uniting natural scientists from a range of disciplines, together with those from the social sciences and humanities. She now holds the post of liaison officer for the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme and European Space Agency, based at the Climate Office in ESA Harwell.